№ 4 - 2005
Zaznayev O.I.
Mixed Forms of Government, or How Oil Will Mix with Water

The problem of mixed (hybrid) forms of government has been developed poorly in contemporary science. It is systems which piece together either elements of a monarchy and of a republic or elements of presidential and parliamentary systems, that are usually regarded as mixed forms. It is, indeed, classification of forms of government, that underlies knowledge about mixed types. The author criticizes the traditional typology of forms of government (presidential and parliamentary regimes) and proposes a different classification (presidential, parliamentary, semi-presidential and semi-parliamentary systems), which is a base for a new view on hybrid forms. In his view, each mixed form is not only a simple symbiosis of features of different “pure” systems; it appertains to a specific ‘mother type’. In the article, the author analyzes in detail eight mixed forms, or, namely, these following systems: non-president presidential; parliament presidential; non-parliament semi-presidential; non-president semi-presidential; parliament semi-presidential; president parliamentary; super-president parliamentary; and, finally, super-parliament presidential.